Extraordinary Protagonists, Average Issues

Mesangial cells: renal function protagonists or coadjuvants?

In order to achieve homeostasis, each kidney has about one million nephrons made up of different types of cells and tissues. The functional harmony of the cells of the renal parenchyma relies on a sophisticated bio-automation network devised to ensure the order and effectiveness of integrated biological responses. Mesangial cells (MC) and the mesangial matrix were first described in the mid-nin...

Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence.

At the beginning of 2003, the Journal of Health Economics published a paper of great importance in public policy by DiMasi, Hansen, and Grabowski (referred to hereafter as “DHG 2003”). The paper is based primarily on confidential, proprietary data supplied by pharmaceutical companies to the Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development, a research center that receives significant unrestricted ...

Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence

We thank Light and Warburton (2005) [hereafter LW] for providing a context for us to further discuss and clarify our studies on the cost of new drug development (DiMasi et al., 2003 [hereafter DHG]; DiMasi et al., 1991b [hereafter DHGL]; Hansen, 1979). We disagree, however, with their analyses, comparators, and conclusions. Although LW suggest, through the invocation of selected reported cost f...

Reply: Extraordinary Claims Without Extraordinary Evidence

This interchange is the latest in an ongoing debate beginning with Newman et al.'s [1999a] recommendation, based on analysis of GPS and earthquake data, that Frankel et al.'s [1996] estimate of California-level seismic hazard for the NMSZ should be reduced. Most points at issue, except for those related to the costs and benefits of the proposed new IBC2000 building code, have already been argue...

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